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King Louis XIV document signed Louis countersigned by his Chief Minister Jean Baptiste Colbert. renewing the powers of the governor of the city and chateau of Brest, 1 page large oblong folio on vellum. Pencil annotation Versailles 6 August 1691. Measures 19 x 11 inches. Some age toning, otherwise in good order. Louis XIV 5 September 1638 - 1 September 1715, known as Louis the Great, Louis le Grand or the Sun King, Roi Soleil, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. Starting at the age of 4, his reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest recorded of any monarch of a sovereign country in European history. In the age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIVs France was a leader in the growing centralization of power. Louis began his personal rule of France in 1661, after the death of his chief minister, the Italian Cardinal Mazarin. An adherent of the concept of the divine right of kings, which advocates the divine origin of monarchical rule, Louis continued his predecessors work of creating a centralized state governed from the capital. He sought to eliminate the remnants of feudalism persisting in parts of France and, by compelling many members of the nobility to inhabit his lavish Palace of Versailles, succeeded in pacifying the aristocracy, many members of which had participated in the Fronde rebellion during Louis minority. By these means he became one of the most powerful French monarchs and consolidated a system of absolute monarchical rule in France that endured until the French Revolution. Louis encouraged and benefited from the work of prominent political, military, and cultural figures such as Mazarin, Colbert, Louvois, the Grand Condé, Turenne, and Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, as well as André Charles Boulle, Molière, Racine, Boileau, La Fontaine, Lully, Marais, Le Brun, Rigaud, Bossuet, Le Vau, Mansart, Charles and Claude Perrault, and Le Notre. Under his rule, the Edict of Nantes, which granted rights to Huguenots, was abolished. The revocation effectively forced Huguenots to emigrate or convert in a wave of dragonnades, which managed to virtually destroy the French Protestant minority. During Louis reign, France was the leading European power, and it fought three major wars: the Franco-Dutch War, the War of the League of Augsburg, and the War of the Spanish Succession. There were also two lesser conflicts: the War of Devolution and the War of the Reunions. Warfare defined the foreign policy of Louis XIV, and his personality shaped his approach. Impelled "by a mix of commerce, revenge, and pique", Louis sensed that warfare was the ideal way to enhance his glory. In peacetime he concentrated on preparing for the next war. He taught his diplomats that their job was to create tactical and strategic advantages for the French military. Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Torcy, 1665-1746. Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Torcy, generally called Colbert de Torcy, was the namesake of his uncle, Jean Baptiste Colbert, Le Grand Colbert, Louis Chief Advisor and Minister of Finance and the Father of Mercantilism - for whom the title of Torcy was created. He was also the son of Charles Colbert, Louis Minister of Foreign Affairs; the young Marquis de Torcy had a heady pedigree. Colbert de Torcy was a brilliant and precocious legal student. Following the death of his father and uncle Torcy proved himself so able that in 1689 Louis XIV granted him the right to succeed to his fathers position as Minister of Foreign Affairs, a position he held until Louis death. He negotiated some of the most important treaties towards the end of Louis XIVs reign, notably the treaty, 1700 that occasioned the Spanish Succession, 1701-1714, in which the dying Charles II of Spain named Louis XIVs grandson, Philippe, Duc d'Anjou, heir to the Spanish throne, eventually founding the line of Spanish Bourbons. Torcy was the guiding spirit of French diplomacy at the series of international conferences that resulted in the Treaty of Utrecht, 1713 and the Treaty of Rastatt, 1714. Colbert de Torcy was concerned with professionalizing the conduct of diplomacy. He instituted an Académie Politique to train young professionals in the equivalent of a foreign service bureaucracy: it did not survive his retirement, but his establishment at Versailles of a centralized diplomatic archive, 1710 has been a service to historians. The aged king, recognizing that Torcy had been a de facto Secretary of State, named him such in his will. But when Louis died in 1715, his will was broken by the Regent, Philippe Duc d'Orléans, who deprived Torcy of any political power and he settled into a long but vociferous retirement. Good Condition. All signed items come with our certificate of authenticity. We combine postage on multiple winning lots and can ship worldwide. UK postage from £3.95, EU from £4.99, Overseas from £7.95
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Autograph Auction TV Film Military Music Sport Historic Signed Covers Photos FDCs
Auction dates
18 May 2018 10:00 BST
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All autographs and first day covers will come securely packaged with an envelope stiffener in a board-backed envelope. Larger photographs and prints are sent in a tough tube, and books and oversized/framed items will be packaged with bubble wrap and sent in a box.